求初三英语的所有语法,句型.

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求初三英语的所有语法,句型.

求初三英语的所有语法,句型.
求初三英语的所有语法,句型.

求初三英语的所有语法,句型.
冠词讲解
冠词是一种虚词,放在名词的前面,对名词进行限定.冠词与名词的关系密不可分,就好像“鱼儿离不开水”一样.冠词分为不定冠词、定冠词两种,它们在英语中使用率极高,也是历年来中考的考查重点.
  冠词分为不定冠词a / an和定冠词the,在具体使用时可分为用不定冠词、定冠词和不用冠词三种情况.它的基本用法我们可以用以下口诀来记忆:
泛指用a/ an,单数可数;特指用the,不特不the.
【注】(1)泛指用a / an,单数可数——泛指的可数名词单数前要用a / an.如:I want an apple.
   (2)特指用the——如果是特指,那么无论是可数名词单数、复数或不可数名词前均要用the.如:The pencil is mine. / I don’t like the pencils on the desk.
   (3)不特不the——不特指则不用the,包括泛指的可数名词单数前用a / an,泛指的可数名词复数前不用冠词,泛指的不可数名词前也不用冠词三种情况.如:I like monkeys. / I don’t like bread.

一、不定冠词的基本用法
1. 第一次提到的人或事物:
I bought _____________(一辆自行车)yesterday.
There is _____________(一块橡皮)on the desk.
2. 表示有某人或某物,但不具体说明是何人或何物:
_____________(一个学生)is looking for you.
3. 表示一类人或事物中的任何一个:
_____________(火车)is faster than _____________(汽车).
_____________(大象)is stronger than _____________(马).
4. 虽然有“一”的含义,但不强调数量:
I have _____________(一个姐姐). Her name is Lily.
5. 用于表示时间、长度、价格等的单位名词前,表“每一”,相当于every:
You should take this medicine _____________________(一天三次).
The apples are three yuan _____________(每公斤).
6. 习惯用法:
a few___________, a little___________, a lot of___________, a number of_____________,
have a rest_____________, take / have a look_____________, make a face_____________,
in a hurry_____________, for a while_____________ …

记忆口诀
不定冠词a或an,表“一”但不强调“一”;人或事物首次提,单位名词前“每一”;
表示有人、有某物,何人何物不具体;强调类别任一个,习惯用法记心里.

二、a和an用法巧记
1. a用于辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前,an用于元音音素开头的单数可数名词前.注意:要看读音是元音开头还是辅音开头,而不是根据字母.如_______________(一个小时),_______________(一把雨伞)等.
如果名词前有修饰语,那么用a还是an取决于该修饰语的第一个音素是辅音还是元音.如:___________________(一本有用的书),___________________(一个诚实的男孩),
___________________(一个不高兴的女孩),__________________(一个不寻常的故事)等.
2. a, e, i, o, 这四个元音字母,以及f, h, l, m, n, r, s, x这八个辅音字母单独使用时,因其发音均以元音开头,所以要用an.我们可以用一句话来概括前面用an的所有字母,Mr. Li has one fox.(李先生有一只狐狸.)举例如下:
This time I got ___________(一个A)in my homework.
There is ___________(一个n)in the word “lend”.
I bought ___________(a / an)MP5 yesterday.
3. 用8, 11, 18, 80, 800等阿拉伯数字组成的短语前要用an,其他用a.如:
That is an eight-meter-wide bridge.
He is only an 11-year-old boy.
I had a talk with an 80-year-old man on the street yesterday.

三、定冠词的基本用法
1. 用在“特指”谈话双方都知道的某个人或某些人或物前.如:
Where is ______________?老师在哪里?
2. 用在上文已提到的人或事物前.如:
  I can see a cat. ______________ is Lucy’s. 我能看见一只猫,那只猫是露茜的.
3. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前.如:
 ______________ goes around ______________. 地球围绕着太阳转.
4. 用在序数词或形容词最高级前.如:
  He is always ______________ to get to school. 他总是第一个到校.
Mike is ______________ of the three boys. 迈克是三个男孩中最高的一个.
5. 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前.如:
the Great Wall(长城) the People’s Park(人民公园 )
6. 用在一些习惯用语中或乐器名词前.如:
in the day(在白天) play the piano(弹钢琴)

记忆口诀
特指双熟悉,上文已提及,世上独一无二,序数最高级,某些专有名,习语及乐器.

四、零冠词的用法
1. 名词前已有作定语用的this, that, these, those, my, your, his, her, our, their, some等限定词时,不用冠词.如:this eraser, her pencil-box, some boxes, those women等.
2. 泛指的不可数名词前一般不用冠词.如:meat, rice, water, bread, tea, milk, juice等.
3. 复数名词表示泛指时,不用冠词.如:The people in the room are doctors. 房间里的那些人是医生.
4. 在表示学科的名词前一般不用冠词.如:Chinese, English, maths, physics, history等.5. 在三餐饭和球类运动名词前一般不加冠词.如:have breakfast/ lunch/ supper, play basketball / football等.
6. 在季节、节日、星期、月份前不用冠词.如:autumn, summer, winter, spring, Teachers’ Day, Children’s Day, Sunday, February等.
7. 在表颜色、语种和国家名词前不用冠词.如:white, brown, French, Australia等.
8. 在表示称呼语的名词之前,以及职务、头衔的名词前不用冠词.如:
   Doctor Green is a scientist. 格林博士是位科学家.
记忆口诀
代词限定名词前,专有名词不可数,复数名词表泛指,
学科球类三餐饭,季节星期月份前,颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔.

五、有无定冠词意思迥异
英语中有些名词,如bed, class, hospital, school, church等,当不强调这次词所表示的场所,只强调它们的专门作用时,前面不带定冠词;否则要加定冠词.如:
1. at table在进餐 at the table在桌旁
2. at desk做读书或做作业 at the desk在书桌旁
3. at school在上学,在求学(是学生) at the school在学校里(不一定是学生)
4. at sea在海上航行 at the sea在海边
5. in class在上课 in the class在班里
6. in prison坐牢 in the prison在监狱
7. in bed卧床,睡觉 in the bed在床上
8. in front of在……的前面 in the front of在……的前部
9. go to bed去睡觉 go to the bed到床边或床前
10. go to hospital入院治疗 go to the hospital去医院(不一定是病人)
11. go to church去教堂做礼拜、做祷告 go to the church去教堂(为了别的目的)
12. go to school去上学(不强调场所) go to the school到学校去(开家长会等)

冠词练习
一、在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词,不需用冠词处划 / .
  1.There is _______ picture of _______ elephant on _______ wall.
  2.This is _______ useful book.I've read it for _______ hour.
  3._______ elephant is much heavier than _______ horse.
  4._______ doctor told him to take _______ medicine three times _______ day.
  5.Let's go out for _______ walk.
  6.It's too hot.Open _______ door, please.
  7.There is _______ woman over there._______ woman is Meimei's mother.
  8._______ sun rises in _______ east.
  9._______ Changjiang River is _______ longest river in _______ China.
  10.This is _______ second time I have been here.
  11.Washington is _______ capital of _______ USA.
  12._______ Turners are living at the end of _______ Turner Street.
  13.He joined the army in _______ spring of _______ 1995.
  14._____ old man is _____ teacher.He likes playing _____ basketball after _____ supper.
  15.After I had _______ quick breakfast,I hurried to school.
二、选择填空.
( )1.—Does Jim have _______ ruler?
   —Yes,he has _______.
   A.an;some B.a;one C.a;/ D.any;one
( )2.There is _______ old bike. _______ old bike is Mr. Zhao's.
   A.an ;The B.the;An C.a;The D.the;The
( )3._______ apple a day keeps the doctors aw ay.
   A.The B.A C.An D.Two
( )4.—How many books do you have?
   —I have _______ book.That's _______ English book.
   A.a;an B.a;one C.one;an D.one;one
( )5.At that time Tom was _______ one-year-old baby.
   A.a B.an C.the D./
( )6._______ tiger is from _______ China.
   A.The;a B.A;the C.The;/ D.The;the
( )7.We can't see _______ sun at _______ night.
   A.the;the B.the;/ C.a;/ D./;/
( )8._______ useful book it is!
   A.What an B.How a C.What a D.What
( )9.One afternoon he found ___ handbag.There was ___ “s” on the corner of __ handbag.
   A.a;an;the B.a;a;the C.an;an;an D.the;a;a
( )10._______ old lady with white hair spoke _______ English well at _______ meeting.
   A.An;an;a B.The;/;an C.The;/;a D.The;/;the
( )11._______ Great Wall is _______ longest wall in the world.
   A.A;a B.The;the C.A;the D.The;a
( )12.Does Tom often play _______ football after _______ school?
   A./;/ B./;the C.the;/ D.a;/
( )13.The museum is quite far.It will take you half _____ hour to get there by _____ bus.
   A.an;/ B.an;a C.a;/ D./;/
( )14.Beijing is _______ beautiful city.It's _______ capital of China.
   A.a;a B.the;the C./;the D.a;the
( )15.She has _______ orange skirt. _______ skirt is nice.
   A.a;The B.an;The C.an;A D.the;The
( )26. Cindy is ________ amazing singer. She has lots of fans.(2010 河北省)
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填

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