英语翻译This tends to make cadres “hyper-responsive” to the demands of their direct superiors,but indifferent to demands from higher levels when the demands of higherlevels conflict with those of their direct superiors.At the same time,howeve

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英语翻译This tends to make cadres “hyper-responsive” to the demands of their direct superiors,but indifferent to demands from higher levels when the demands of higherlevels conflict with those of their direct superiors.At the same time,howeve
英语翻译
This tends to make cadres “hyper-responsive” to the demands of their direct superiors,but indifferent to demands from higher levels when the demands of higherlevels conflict with those of their direct superiors.
At the same time,however,the transitive chain of responsibility makes cadres liable for the misdeeds and mistakes of their subordinates.
Thus,ratherthan relay information on the mistakes and misdeeds of their subordinates,cadres have incentives to cover up shortcomings and provide as little infor-mation as possible to their superiors about the activities of their subordinates and to “contaminate” what information they do pass upward with “dirt” and “noise”
修改：higherlevels 改为higher levels
ratherthan 改为rather than
不好意思请不要用翻译软件

英语翻译This tends to make cadres “hyper-responsive” to the demands of their direct superiors,but indifferent to demands from higher levels when the demands of higherlevels conflict with those of their direct superiors.At the same time,howeve
This tends to make cadres “hyper-responsive” to the demands of their direct superiors,but indifferent to demands from higher levels when the demands of higher levels conflict with those of their direct superiors.
这样趋势于使骨干们对于他们的直接领导的命令采用“更上级负责”的态度,与此同时在直接领导和更上级领导的命令冲突时,又对更上级领导的命令漠不关心.
At the same time,however,the transitive chain of responsibility makes cadres liable for the misdeeds and mistakes of their subordinates.
同时,过渡责任制能够使骨干们对其下属的过失和错误有责任.
Thus,rather than relay information on the mistakes and misdeeds of their subordinates,cadres have incentives to cover up shortcomings and provide as little information as possible to their superiors about the activities of their subordinates and to “contaminate” what information they do pass upward with “dirt” and “noise”
因而,与其向上传递下属的过失和错误,骨干们还不如被迫掩盖不足之处并且尽可能少的向上级报告其下级错误的行为相关信息,防止“污点”和“噪音”污染他们向上级报告的信息.

这往往使干部超顺应他们的要求直接上级,但上级要求漠不关心时要求higherlevels冲突与他们直接上司. 在同一时间,不过, 传递链使干部的责任感和过失责任的劣迹部属. 因此, ratherthan接力资料错误、劣迹部属、干部奖励掩盖缺点、提供信息发挥多大的新闻尽量上司对部属的活动,他们通过什么资料玷污向上与污垢和噪音...

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