如何做阅读理解细节题

如何做阅读理解细节题
如何做阅读理解细节题

如何做阅读理解细节题
本文拟就细节题的不同类型谈谈其解题技巧.一、语义转换题——跳读查找法这是做事实细节题最基本也是最常用的方法.在通常情况下,细节题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解,同学们若能根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子,然后进行比较和分析,运用跳读查找法时,同学们要特别注意试题(包括选项)与原文之间的适当变换.根据近几年的考题情况来看,现在很少有直接用原文中的句子进行考查和测试的,而通常要进行一定的处理.而这种“处理”主要就是指进行语义转换,其中包括同义变换、概念解析、归纳事实等.请看下面的例子(重庆高考英语试题)：“My kids really understand solar and earth-heat energy,” says a second-grade teacher in Saugus,California.“Some of them are building solar collectors for their energy course.” These young scientists are part of City Building Educational Program(CBEP),a particular program for kindergarten through twelfth grade that uses the stages of city planning to teach basic reading,writing and math skills,and more.The children don’t just plan any city.They map and analyze(分析) the housing,energy,and transportation requirements of their own district and foretell its needs in 100 years.With the aid of an architect(建筑师) who visits the classroom once a week,they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations.“Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom,” says the teacher who developed this program.“They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame,because there are no wrong answers in a future context.In fact,as the class enters the final model-building stage of the program,an elected ‘official’ and ‘planning group’ make all the design decisions for the model city,and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser.”CBEP is a set of activities,games and imitations that teach the basic steps necessary for problem-solving:observing,analyzing,working out possible answers,and judging them based on the children’s own standards.1.An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom ______.A.to find out kids’ creative ideas B.to discuss with the teacherC.to give children lectures D.to help kids with their program 2.Who is the designer of the program?A.An official.B.An architect.C.A teacher.D.A scientist.[1][2][3]下一页 说明:引用此文请注明出处,并请保留该文章链接地址,【解题思路分析】1.选D.根据第2段中的 With the aid of an architect who visits the classroom once a week,they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations 可知答案为D.句中的 aid 意为“帮助”,与help同义.2.选C.根据第2段中的 …the teacher who developed this program 可知答案选C.develop与design 在此大致同义.二、细节排序题——首尾定位法这种试题要求考生根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系,找出事件发生的正确顺序.同学们在做这种题时可采用“首尾定位法”,即最先判断第一个找出第一个动作和最后一个动作,迅速缩小选择范围,从而快速选出正确答案.请看下面的例子(浙江高考英语试题)：Fat and shy,Ben Saunders was the last kid in his class picked for any sports team.“Football,tennis,cricket—anything with a round ball,I was useless,” he says now with a laugh.But back then he was the one always made fun of in school gym classes in Devonshire,England.It was a mountain bike he received for his 15th birthday that changed him.At first he went biking alone in a nearby forest.Then he began to ride the bike along with a runner friend.Gradually,Saunders set up his mind on building up his body,increasing his speed and strength.At the age of 18,he ran his first marathon.The following year he met John Ridgway and was hired as an instructor at Ridgway’s school of adventure in Scotland,where he learnt about Ridgway’s cold-water